One To Many Di Laravel Eloquent Relationships — Part 4

Membangun aplikasi web di era modern memerlukan pondasi yang kokoh. Framework modern memberikan fleksibilitas luar biasa bagi developer untuk menghadirkan fitur kompleks secara cepat tanpa mengabaikan aspek keamanan dan keandalan sistem.

Tahapan Implementasi & Walkthrough Kode

Berikut adalah langkah demi langkah teknis yang dapat Anda ikuti langsung pada codebase Anda:

Tahap 1: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

php artisan make:model Post -m

Tahap 2: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('title');
        $table->text('content');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Tahap 3: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

php artisan make:model Comment -m

Tahap 4: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->unsignedBigInteger('post_id');
        $table->text('comment');
        $table->timestamps();

        $table->foreign('post_id')->references('id')->on('posts')->onDelete('cascade');
    });
}

Tahap 5: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

php artisan migrate

Tahap 6: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Post extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    
    /**
     * comments
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function comments()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Comment::class);
    }
}

Tahap 7: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Comment extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    
    /**
     * post
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function post()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Post::class);
    }
}

Tahap 8: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

php artisan make:controller PostController

Tahap 9: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Post;

class PostController extends Controller
{    
    /**
     * index
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function index()
    {
        //get all posts from Model
        $posts = Post::latest()->get();

        //passing posts to view
        return view('posts', compact('posts'));
    }
}

Tahap 10: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

use App\Models\Post;

Tahap 11: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

//get all posts from Model
$posts = Post::latest()->get();

Tahap 12: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

//passing posts to view
return view('posts', compact('posts'));

Tahap 13: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

/**
 * @path /users
 * @method GET
 */
Route::get('/users', [\App\Http\Controllers\UserController::class, 'index']);

/**
 * @path /posts
 * @method GET
 */
Route::get('/posts', [\App\Http\Controllers\PostController::class, 'index']);

Tahap 14: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>Eloquent Relationships : Relasi One to Many</title>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.2.0/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.7.2/css/all.min.css" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" />
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="card mt-5">
            <div class="card-body">
                <h3 class="text-center"><a href="https://santrikoding.com">www.santrikoding.com</a></h3>
                <h5 class="text-center my-4">Laravel Eloquent Relationship : One To Many</h5>
                <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>Judul Post</th>
                            <th>Komentar</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        @foreach($posts as $post)
                            <tr>
                                <td>{{ $post->title }}</td>
                                <td>
                                    @foreach($post->comments()->get() as $comment)
                                        <div class="card shadow-sm mb-2">
                                            <div class="card-body">
                                                <i class="fa fa-comments"></i> {{ $comment->comment }}
                                            </div>
                                        </div>
                                    @endforeach
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        @endforeach
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

Tahap 15: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

@foreach($posts as $post)

	//...

@endforeach

Tahap 16: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi

@foreach($post->comments()->get() as $comment)

	//...
	
@endforeach

Kesimpulan

Dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah terstruktur di atas, implementasi modul Anda akan jauh lebih rapi, aman dari bug umum, serta siap diskalakan ke lingkungan produksi.

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