Panduan praktis dan terstruktur mengenai panduan react tanstack query: edit dan update data ke api (usequery & usemutation) (part 7) berstandar enterprise. Pelajari konsep, implementasi kode modern, dan tips arsitektur enterprise siap produksi.
Selamat datang di seri tutorial engineering SiHubung! Pada artikel ini, kita akan membedah secara komprehensif implementasi Panduan React Tanstack Query: Edit Dan Update Data Ke Api (Usequery & Usemutation) (Part 7) Berstandar Enterprise dengan standar kode bersih (clean code), performa tinggi, dan arsitektur siap produksi.
Membangun aplikasi web di era modern memerlukan pondasi yang kokoh. Framework modern memberikan fleksibilitas luar biasa bagi developer untuk menghadirkan fitur kompleks secara cepat tanpa mengabaikan aspek keamanan dan keandalan sistem.
Tahapan Implementasi & Walkthrough Kode
Berikut adalah langkah demi langkah teknis yang dapat Anda ikuti langsung pada codebase Anda:
Tahap 1: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// import hook useState, useEffect dari react
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
// import useNavigate dan useParams dari react-router
import { useNavigate, useParams } from "react-router";
// import useMutation dan useQuery dari react-query
import { useMutation, useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
// import api dari folder api
import Api from "../../api";
const ProductEdit = () => {
// State for image, title, description, price, stock and errors
const [image, setImage] = useState(null);
const [title, setTitle] = useState("");
const [description, setDescription] = useState("");
const [price, setPrice] = useState("");
const [stock, setStock] = useState("");
const [errors, setErrors] = useState({});
// Initialize useNavigate
const navigate = useNavigate();
// Initialize useParams
const { id } = useParams();
// fetch detail product by id
const { data, isLoading, isError } = useQuery({
// Set the query key
queryKey: ['product', id],
// Set the query function
queryFn: async () => {
const res = await Api.get(`/api/products/${id}`);
return res.data.data;
}
});
// Then use useEffect to handle the data when it changes
useEffect(() => {
if (data) {
setTitle(data.title);
setDescription(data.description);
setPrice(data.price);
setStock(data.stock);
}
}, [data]);
//function to handle file change
const handleFileChange = (e) => {
if (e.target.files && e.target.files[0]) {
setImage(e.target.files[0]);
}
};
// Initialize useMutation
const mutationProduct = useMutation({
//mutation function
mutationFn: async (formData) => {
// Call the API to update the product by id
return await Api.post(`/api/products/${id}`, formData);
},
onSuccess: () => {
// Redirect to the product index page
navigate("/products");
},
onError: (error) => {
// set errors if there is an error
setErrors(error.response.data);
},
});
//function to handle form submission
const updateProduct = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
// Initialize formData
const formData = new FormData();
// Append data to formData
if (image) formData.append("image", image);
formData.append("title", title);
formData.append("description", description);
formData.append("price", price);
formData.append("stock", stock);
formData.append("_method", "PUT");
// Call the mutationProduct function
mutationProduct.mutate(formData);
};
return (
<div className="container mt-5">
<div className="row">
<div className="col-md-12">
<div className="card border-0 rounded-3 shadow">
<div className="card-body">
{/* Loading State */}
{isLoading && (
<div className="alert alert-info text-center">Loading product...</div>
)}
{/* Error State */}
{isError && (
<div className="alert alert-danger text-center">
Error loading product. Please try again.
</div>
)}
<form onSubmit={updateProduct}>
<div className="mb-3">
<label className="form-label fw-bold">Image</label>
<input
type="file"
onChange={handleFileChange}
className="form-control"
/>
{errors.image && (
<div className="alert alert-danger mt-2">
{errors.image[0]}
</div>
)}
</div>
<div className="mb-3">
<label className="form-label fw-bold">Title</label>
<input
type="text"
className="form-control"
value={title}
onChange={(e) => setTitle(e.target.value)}
placeholder="Title Product"
/>
{errors.title && (
<div className="alert alert-danger mt-2">
{errors.title[0]}
</div>
)}
</div>
<div className="mb-3">
<label className="form-label fw-bold">Description</label>
<textarea
className="form-control"
value={description}
onChange={(e) => setDescription(e.target.value)}
rows={5}
placeholder="Description Product"
/>
{errors.description && (
<div className="alert alert-danger mt-2">
{errors.description[0]}
</div>
)}
</div>
<div className="row">
<div className="col-md-6">
<div className="mb-3">
<label className="form-label fw-bold">Price</label>
<input
type="number"
className="form-control"
value={price}
onChange={(e) => setPrice(e.target.value)}
placeholder="Price Product"
/>
{errors.price && (
<div className="alert alert-danger mt-2">
{errors.price[0]}
</div>
)}
</div>
</div>
<div className="col-md-6">
<div className="mb-3">
<label className="form-label fw-bold">Stock</label>
<input
type="number"
className="form-control"
value={stock}
onChange={(e) => setStock(e.target.value)}
placeholder="Stock Product"
/>
{errors.stock && (
<div className="alert alert-danger mt-2">
{errors.stock[0]}
</div>
)}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<button
type="submit"
className="btn btn-md btn-primary rounded-5 shadow border-0"
disabled={mutationProduct.isPending}
>
{mutationProduct.isPending ? "Updating..." : "Update"}
</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
};
export default ProductEdit;Tahap 2: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// import hook useState, useEffect dari react
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";Tahap 3: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// import useNavigate dan useParams dari react-router
import { useNavigate, useParams } from "react-router";Tahap 4: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// import useMutation dan useQuery dari react-query
import { useMutation, useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";Tahap 5: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// import api dari folder api
import Api from "../../api";Tahap 6: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// State for image, title, description, price, stock and errors
const [image, setImage] = useState(null);
const [title, setTitle] = useState("");
const [description, setDescription] = useState("");
const [price, setPrice] = useState("");
const [stock, setStock] = useState("");
const [errors, setErrors] = useState({});Tahap 7: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Initialize useNavigate
const navigate = useNavigate();
// Initialize useParams
const { id } = useParams();Tahap 8: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// fetch detail product by id
const { data, isLoading, isError } = useQuery({
// Set the query key
queryKey: ['product', id],
// Set the query function
queryFn: async () => {
const res = await Api.get(`/api/products/${id}`);
return res.data.data;
}
});Tahap 9: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const { data, isLoading, isError } = useQuery({
//...
});Tahap 10: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Set the query key
queryKey: ['product', id],Tahap 11: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const res = await Api.get(`/api/products/${id}`);Tahap 12: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
useEffect(() => {
if (data) {
setTitle(data.title);
setDescription(data.description);
setPrice(data.price);
setStock(data.stock);
}
}, [data]);Tahap 13: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
<input
type="file"
onChange={handleFileChange}
className="form-control"
/>Tahap 14: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
//function to handle file change
const handleFileChange = (e) => {
if (e.target.files && e.target.files[0]) {
setImage(e.target.files[0]);
}
};Tahap 15: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Initialize useMutation
const mutationProduct = useMutation({
//mutation function
mutationFn: async (formData) => {
// Call the API to update the product by id
return await Api.post(`/api/products/${id}`, formData);
},
onSuccess: () => {
// Redirect to the product index page
navigate("/products");
},
onError: (error) => {
// set errors if there is an error
setErrors(error.response.data);
},
});Tahap 16: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
//mutation function
mutationFn: async (formData) => {
// Call the API to update the product by id
return await Api.post(`/api/products/${id}`, formData);
},Tahap 17: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
onSuccess: () => {
// Redirect to the product index page
navigate("/products");
},Tahap 18: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
onError: (error) => {
// set errors if there is an error
setErrors(error.response.data);
},Tahap 19: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
<form onSubmit={updateProduct}>
//...
</form>Tahap 20: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
//function to handle form submission
const updateProduct = (e) => {
//...
}Tahap 21: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Initialize formData
const formData = new FormData();
// Append data to formData
if (image) formData.append("image", image);
formData.append("title", title);
formData.append("description", description);
formData.append("price", price);
formData.append("stock", stock);
formData.append("_method", "PUT");Tahap 22: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Call the mutationProduct function
mutationProduct.mutate(formData);Tahap 23: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Import React Router
import { Routes, Route } from "react-router";
// Import view HomePage
import Home from "../views/home";
//import view ProductIndex
import ProductIndex from "../views/products/index";
// Import view ProductCreate
import ProductCreate from "../views/products/create";
// Import view ProductEdit
import ProductEdit from "../views/products/edit";
// Definisikan component dengan (Functional Component)
const RoutesIndex = () => {
return (
<Routes>
{/* Route untuk halaman utama */}
<Route path="/" element={<Home />} />
{/* Route untuk halaman produk */}
<Route path="/products" element={<ProductIndex />} />
{/* Route untuk halaman tambah produk */}
<Route path="/products/create" element={<ProductCreate />} />
{/* Route untuk halaman edit produk */}
<Route path="/products/edit/:id" element={<ProductEdit />} />
</Routes>
);
};
export default RoutesIndex;Tahap 24: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
// Import view ProductEdit
import ProductEdit from "../views/products/edit";Tahap 25: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
{/* Route untuk halaman edit produk */}
<Route path="/products/edit/:id" element={<ProductEdit />} />
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Kesimpulan
Dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah terstruktur di atas, implementasi modul Anda akan jauh lebih rapi, aman dari bug umum, serta siap diskalakan ke lingkungan produksi.
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