Membangun aplikasi web di era modern memerlukan pondasi yang kokoh. Framework modern memberikan fleksibilitas luar biasa bagi developer untuk menghadirkan fitur kompleks secara cepat tanpa mengabaikan aspek keamanan dan keandalan sistem.
Tahapan Implementasi & Walkthrough Kode
Berikut adalah langkah demi langkah teknis yang dapat Anda ikuti langsung pada codebase Anda:
Tahap 1: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
php artisan make:controller PermissionController -r
Tahap 2: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\HasMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\Middleware;
use Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission;
class PermissionController extends Controller implements HasMiddleware
{
public static function middleware()
{
return [
new Middleware('permission:permissions index', only: ['index']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions create', only: ['create', 'store']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions edit', only: ['edit', 'update']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions delete', only: ['destroy']),
];
}
/**
* Display a listing of the resource.
*/
public function index(Request $request)
{
// get permissions
$permissions = Permission::select('id', 'name')
->when($request->search,fn($search) => $search->where('name', 'like', '%'.$request->search.'%'))
->latest()
->paginate(6)->withQueryString();
// render view
return inertia('Permissions/Index', ['permissions' => $permissions,'filters' => $request->only(['search'])]);
}
/**
* Show the form for creating a new resource.
*/
public function create()
{
// render view
return inertia('Permissions/Create');
}
/**
* Store a newly created resource in storage.
*/
public function store(Request $request)
{
// validate request
$request->validate(['name' => 'required|min:3|max:255|unique:permissions']);
// create new permission data
Permission::create(['name' => $request->name]);
// render view
return to_route('permissions.index');
}
/**
* Show the form for editing the specified resource.
*/
public function edit(Permission $permission)
{
// render view
return inertia('Permissions/Edit', ['permission' => $permission]);
}
/**
* Update the specified resource in storage.
*/
public function update(Request $request, Permission $permission)
{
// validate request
$request->validate(['name' => 'required|min:3|max:255|unique:permissions,name,'.$permission->id]);
// update permission data
$permission->update(['name' => $request->name]);
// render view
return to_route('permissions.index');
}
/**
* Remove the specified resource from storage.
*/
public function destroy(Permission $permission)
{
// delete permissions data
$permission->delete();
// render view
return back();
}
}
Tahap 3: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
use Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission;
Tahap 4: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\HasMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\Middleware;
Tahap 5: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
public static function middleware()
{
return [
new Middleware('permission:permissions index', only: ['index']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions create', only: ['create', 'store']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions edit', only: ['edit', 'update']),
new Middleware('permission:permissions delete', only: ['destroy']),
];
}
Tahap 6: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
<?php
use App\Http\Controllers\ProfileController;
use App\Http\Controllers\PermissionController;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Application;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
use Inertia\Inertia;
Route::get('/', function () {
return Inertia::render('Welcome', [
'canLogin' => Route::has('login'),
'canRegister' => Route::has('register'),
'laravelVersion' => Application::VERSION,
'phpVersion' => PHP_VERSION,
]);
});
Route::get('/dashboard', function () {
return Inertia::render('Dashboard');
})->middleware(['auth', 'verified'])->name('dashboard');
Route::middleware('auth')->group(function () {
// permissions route
Route::resource('/permissions', PermissionController::class);
Route::get('/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'edit'])->name('profile.edit');
Route::patch('/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'update'])->name('profile.update');
Route::delete('/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'destroy'])->name('profile.destroy');
});
require __DIR__.'/auth.php';
Tahap 7: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
php artisan r:l --name=permissions
Tahap 8: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import ApplicationLogo from '@/Components/ApplicationLogo';
import Dropdown from '@/Components/Dropdown';
import NavLink from '@/Components/NavLink';
import ResponsiveNavLink from '@/Components/ResponsiveNavLink';
import { Link, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
import { useState } from 'react';
import hasAnyPermission from '@/Utils/Permissions';
export default function AuthenticatedLayout({ header, children }) {
const user = usePage().props.auth.user;
const [showingNavigationDropdown, setShowingNavigationDropdown] =
useState(false);
return (
<div className="min-h-screen bg-gray-100">
<nav className="border-b border-gray-100 bg-white">
<div className="mx-auto max-w-7xl px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
<div className="flex h-16 justify-between">
<div className="flex">
<div className="flex shrink-0 items-center">
<Link href="/">
<ApplicationLogo className="block h-9 w-auto fill-current text-gray-800" />
</Link>
</div>
<div className="hidden space-x-8 sm:-my-px sm:ms-10 sm:flex">
<NavLink
href={route('dashboard')}
active={route().current('dashboard')}
>
Dashboard
</NavLink>
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions index']) &&
<NavLink href={route('permissions.index')} active={route().current('permissions*')}>
Permissions
</NavLink>
}
</div>
</div>
<div className="hidden sm:ms-6 sm:flex sm:items-center">
<div className="relative ms-3">
<Dropdown>
<Dropdown.Trigger>
<span className="inline-flex rounded-md">
<button
type="button"
className="inline-flex items-center rounded-md border border-transparent bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm font-medium leading-4 text-gray-500 transition duration-150 ease-in-out hover:text-gray-700 focus:outline-none"
>
{user.name}
<svg
className="-me-0.5 ms-2 h-4 w-4"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
viewBox="0 0 20 20"
fill="currentColor"
>
<path
fillRule="evenodd"
d="M5.293 7.293a1 1 0 011.414 0L10 10.586l3.293-3.293a1 1 0 111.414 1.414l-4 4a1 1 0 01-1.414 0l-4-4a1 1 0 010-1.414z"
clipRule="evenodd"
/>
</svg>
</button>
</span>
</Dropdown.Trigger>
<Dropdown.Content>
<Dropdown.Link
href={route('profile.edit')}
>
Profile
</Dropdown.Link>
<Dropdown.Link
href={route('logout')}
method="post"
as="button"
>
Log Out
</Dropdown.Link>
</Dropdown.Content>
</Dropdown>
</div>
</div>
<div className="-me-2 flex items-center sm:hidden">
<button
onClick={() =>
setShowingNavigationDropdown(
(previousState) => !previousState,
)
}
className="inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md p-2 text-gray-400 transition duration-150 ease-in-out hover:bg-gray-100 hover:text-gray-500 focus:bg-gray-100 focus:text-gray-500 focus:outline-none"
>
<svg
className="h-6 w-6"
stroke="currentColor"
fill="none"
viewBox="0 0 24 24"
>
<path
className={
!showingNavigationDropdown
? 'inline-flex'
: 'hidden'
}
strokeLinecap="round"
strokeLinejoin="round"
strokeWidth="2"
d="M4 6h16M4 12h16M4 18h16"
/>
<path
className={
showingNavigationDropdown
? 'inline-flex'
: 'hidden'
}
strokeLinecap="round"
strokeLinejoin="round"
strokeWidth="2"
d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12"
/>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div
className={
(showingNavigationDropdown ? 'block' : 'hidden') +
' sm:hidden'
}
>
<div className="space-y-1 pb-3 pt-2">
<ResponsiveNavLink
href={route('dashboard')}
active={route().current('dashboard')}
>
Dashboard
</ResponsiveNavLink>
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions index']) &&
<ResponsiveNavLink href={route('permissions.index')} active={route().current('permissions*')}>
Permissions
</ResponsiveNavLink>
}
</div>
<div className="border-t border-gray-200 pb-1 pt-4">
<div className="px-4">
<div className="text-base font-medium text-gray-800">
{user.name}
</div>
<div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">
{user.email}
</div>
</div>
<div className="mt-3 space-y-1">
<ResponsiveNavLink href={route('profile.edit')}>
Profile
</ResponsiveNavLink>
<ResponsiveNavLink
method="post"
href={route('logout')}
as="button"
>
Log Out
</ResponsiveNavLink>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
{header && (
<header className="bg-white shadow">
<div className="mx-auto max-w-7xl px-4 py-6 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
{header}
</div>
</header>
)}
<main>{children}</main>
</div>
);
}
Tahap 9: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import Table from '@/Components/Table';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Pagination from '@/Components/Pagination';
import { Head, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Search from '@/Components/Search';
import hasAnyPermission from '@/Utils/Permissions';
export default function Index({auth}) {
// destruct permissions props
const { permissions,filters } = usePage().props;
return (
<AuthenticatedLayout
user={auth.user}
header={<h2 className="font-semibold text-xl text-gray-800 leading-tight">Permissions</h2>}
>
<Head title={'Permissions'}/>
<Container>
<div className='mb-4 flex items-center justify-between gap-4'>
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions create']) &&
<Button type={'add'} url={route('permissions.create')}/>
}
<div className='w-full md:w-4/6'>
<Search url={route('permissions.index')} placeholder={'Search permissions data by name...'} filter={filters}/>
</div>
</div>
<Table.Card title={'Permissions'}>
<Table>
<Table.Thead>
<tr>
<Table.Th>#</Table.Th>
<Table.Th>Permissions Name</Table.Th>
<Table.Th>Action</Table.Th>
</tr>
</Table.Thead>
<Table.Tbody>
{permissions.data.map((permission, i) => (
<tr key={i}>
<Table.Td>{++i + (permissions.current_page-1) * permissions.per_page}</Table.Td>
<Table.Td>{permission.name}</Table.Td>
<Table.Td>
<div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions edit']) &&
<Button type={'edit'} url={route('permissions.edit', permission.id)}/>
}
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions delete']) &&
<Button type={'delete'} url={route('permissions.destroy', permission.id)}/>
}
</div>
</Table.Td>
</tr>
))}
</Table.Tbody>
</Table>
</Table.Card>
<div className='flex items-center justify-center'>
{permissions.last_page !== 1 && (<Pagination links={permissions.links}/>)}
</div>
</Container>
</AuthenticatedLayout>
)
}
Tahap 10: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import Table from '@/Components/Table';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Pagination from '@/Components/Pagination';
import { Head, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Search from '@/Components/Search';
import hasAnyPermission from '@/Utils/Permissions';
Tahap 11: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
export default function Index({auth})
Tahap 12: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
{hasAnyPermission(['permissions create']) &&
<Button type={'add'} url={route('permissions.create')}/>
}
Tahap 13: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import { Head, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Input from '@/Components/Input';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Card from '@/Components/Card';
import Swal from 'sweetalert2';
export default function Create({auth}) {
// define state with helper inertia
const { data, setData, post, errors } = useForm({
name : ''
});
// define method handleStoreData
const handleStoreData = async (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
post(route('permissions.store'), {
onSuccess: () => {
Swal.fire({
title: 'Success!',
text: 'Data created successfully!',
icon: 'success',
showConfirmButton: false,
timer: 1500
})
}
});
}
return (
<AuthenticatedLayout
user={auth.user}
header={<h2 className="font-semibold text-xl text-gray-800 leading-tight">Create Permission</h2>}
>
<Head title={'Create Permissions'}/>
<Container>
<Card title={'Create new permission'}>
<form onSubmit={handleStoreData}>
<div className='mb-4'>
<Input label={'Permission Name'} type={'text'} value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} errors={errors.name} placeholder="Input permission name.."/>
</div>
<div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
<Button type={'submit'} />
<Button type={'cancel'} url={route('permissions.index')}/>
</div>
</form>
</Card>
</Container>
</AuthenticatedLayout>
)
}
Tahap 14: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import { Head, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Input from '@/Components/Input';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Card from '@/Components/Card';
import Swal from 'sweetalert2';
Tahap 15: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const { data, setData, post, errors } = useForm({
name : ''
});
Tahap 16: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const handleStoreData = async (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
post(route('permissions.store'), {
onSuccess: () => {
Swal.fire({
title: 'Success!',
text: 'Data created successfully!',
icon: 'success',
showConfirmButton: false,
timer: 1500
})
}
});
}
Tahap 17: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
post(route('permissions.store'), {
onSuccess: () => {
Swal.fire({
title: 'Success!',
text: 'Data created successfully!',
icon: 'success',
showConfirmButton: false,
timer: 1500
})
}
});
Tahap 18: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import { Head, useForm, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Input from '@/Components/Input';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Card from '@/Components/Card';
import Swal from 'sweetalert2';
export default function Edit({auth}) {
// destruct permissions from usepage props
const { permission } = usePage().props;
// define state with helper inertia
const { data, setData, post, errors } = useForm({
name : permission.name,
_method: 'put'
});
// define method handleUpdateData
const handleUpdateData = async (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
post(route('permissions.update', permission.id), {
onSuccess: () => {
Swal.fire({
title: 'Success!',
text: 'Data updated successfully!',
icon: 'success',
showConfirmButton: false,
timer: 1500
})
}
});
}
return (
<AuthenticatedLayout
user={auth.user}
header={<h2 className="font-semibold text-xl text-gray-800 leading-tight">Edit Permission</h2>}
>
<Head title={'Edit Permissions'}/>
<Container>
<Card title={'Edit permission'}>
<form onSubmit={handleUpdateData}>
<div className='mb-4'>
<Input label={'Permission Name'} type={'text'} value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} errors={errors.name} placeholder="Input permission name.."/>
</div>
<div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
<Button type={'submit'} />
<Button type={'cancel'} url={route('permissions.index')}/>
</div>
</form>
</Card>
</Container>
</AuthenticatedLayout>
)
}
Tahap 19: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
import React from 'react'
import AuthenticatedLayout from '@/Layouts/AuthenticatedLayout';
import Container from '@/Components/Container';
import { Head, useForm, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
import Input from '@/Components/Input';
import Button from '@/Components/Button';
import Card from '@/Components/Card';
import Swal from 'sweetalert2';
Tahap 20: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const { data, setData, post, errors } = useForm({
name : permission.name,
_method: 'put'
});
Tahap 21: Penulisan Kode & Konfigurasi
const handleUpdateData = async (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
post(route('permissions.update', permission.id), {
onSuccess: () => {
Swal.fire({
title: 'Success!',
text: 'Data updated successfully!',
icon: 'success',
showConfirmButton: false,
timer: 1500
})
}
});
}
Selalu gunakan pendekatan deklaratif, validasi input seawal mungkin di boundary layer, dan lakukan logging terstruktur untuk memudahkan observability ketika sistem dijalankan di lingkungan cloud produksi.
Kesimpulan
Dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah terstruktur di atas, implementasi modul Anda akan jauh lebih rapi, aman dari bug umum, serta siap diskalakan ke lingkungan produksi.
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